7 Wonders!!!

7 Wonders!!!

The Seven Wonders of the Morden world


The Taj Mahal: "crown of buildings" is a mausoleum located in Agra, India. It is one of the most recognizable structures in the world. It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Taj Mahal is the finest example of Mughal architecture, a style that combines elements from Persian, Islamic and Indian architectural styles. The construction began around 1632 and was completed around 1653, The main finial was originally made of gold but was replaced by a copy made of gilded bronze in the early 19th century. It is widely considered as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and stands as a symbol of eternal love.


Petra, Jordan (Greek "πέτρα" (petra), meaning rock; it is a historical and archaeological city in the Jordanian governorate of Ma'an that is known for its rock cut architecture and water conduits system. Established sometime around the 6th century BC as the capital city of the Nabataeans. The site remained unknown to the Western world until 1812, when it was introduced by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. It was described as "a rose-red city half as old as time" in a Newdigate Prize-winning sonnet by John William Burgon. Excavations have demonstrated that it was the ability of the Nabataeans to control the water supply that led to the rise of the desert city, creating an artificial oasis.



Christ the Redeemer:  (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor) is a statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; considered the second largest Art Deco statue in the world. The statue is 39.6 metres (130 ft) tall, including its 9.5 meter (31 feet) pedestal, and 30 metres (98 ft) wide. It weighs 635 tonnes (700 short tons), and is located at the peak of the 700-metre (2,300 ft) Corcovado mountain in the Tijuca Forest National Park overlooking the city. A symbol of Christianity, the statue has become an icon of Rio and Brazil. It is made of reinforced concrete and soapstone, and was constructed between 1922 and 1931



Chichen Itza is a large pre-Columbian archaeological site built by the Maya civilization located in the northern center of the Yucatán Peninsula, in the Yucatán state, present-day Mexico. Chichen Itza was a major focal point in the northern Maya lowlands. Chichen Itza was a major economic power in the northern Maya lowlands during its apogee. This unique building has three parts: a waiting gallery, a water bath, and a steam chamber that operated by means of heated stones.




The Colosseum:  originally the Flavian Amphitheatre is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire. It is considered one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and Roman engineering. Occupying a site just east of the Roman Forum, its construction started in 72 AD under the emperor Vespasian and was completed in 80 AD under Titus, with further modifications being made during Domitian's reign (81–96). The name "Amphitheatrum Flavium" derives from both Vespasian's and Titus's family name (Flavius, from the gens Flavia).Capable of seating 50,000 spectators, the Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. Although in the 21st century it stays partially ruined because of damage caused by devastating earthquakes and stone-robbers, the Colosseum is an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome.




The Great Wall of China: is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in northern China, built originally to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire against intrusions by various nomadic groups. Several walls have been built since the 5th century BC that are referred to collectively as the Great Wall, which has been rebuilt and maintained from the 5th century BC through the 16th century. One of the most famous is the wall built between 220–206 BC by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang.


Machu Picchu: the site located 2,430 metres (7,970 ft) above sea level. It is situated on a mountain ridge above the Urubamba Valley in Peru, which is 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Cusco and through which the Urubamba River flows. Most archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438–1472). Often referred to as "The Lost City of the Incas", it is perhaps the most familiar icon of the Inca World.  Its three primary buildings are the Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Room of the Three Windows. These are located in what is known by archaeologists as the Sacred District of Machu Picchu. It was unknown to the outside world before being brought to international attention in 1911 by the American historian Hiram Bingham. Since then, Machu Picchu has become an important tourist attraction.



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The Seven Wonders of the ancient world




Early Greek writers drew up list of the most important buildings in the world they knew. Of these only the Great Pyramid has survived, but we know about the others from writers' accounts and the work of archaeologists.

The Great Pyramid of Giza: The great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt, is the oldest and the only one of the seven wonders to survive. It was made as a tomb for king Khufu, who ruled Egypt from about 2551 to 2528 BC long and it covers an area the size of 200 tennis courts.



The Hanging Gardens of Babylon: The legendary gardens of king Nebuchadnezzar II may not have existed. Some people believe they were created in about 600 BC in Babylon, 88km south of present day Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. "Hanging" suggests that they were a series of terraces made of bricks, some glazed and brightly coloured.




The Statue of Zeus at Olympia: This was an enormous statue of the Greek God carved by the sculptor Phidias. It was inside the Temple of Zeus built about 466-456 BC. The statue was 13m high and one of the largest indoor sculptures ever made. Today little remains of the temple and nothing of the statue.



The Temple of Artemis: The temple of Artemis at Ephesus, Turkey, was built to honor the Greek goddess of hunting and nature. The temple was completed in 550 BC. It was the largest of all ancient Greek buildings and measured 114 by 55m. Archaeologists have found the foundations and some columns of this ancient wonder.



The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus: This was the tomb of Parsian ruler Mausolus, who ruled part of the Persian empire from 377 to 353 BC. Halicarnassu (modern - day Bodurm ) in Turkey was his capital. after his death his window built this magnificent tomb, which measured 105 by 242 and was 43m high it was damaged by an earthquake and demolished  in 1522. The mausoleum has come to mean any great tomb. 


The Colossus of Rhodes: the huge status of sun god Helios stood in Rhodes harbor, Greece In 305-304 BC warrior king Demetrius Poliorcetes attacked the city of Rohoes. when he abandoned his siege the people built giant statue as an offering to the god Helios. It took 12 years to built and stood 33m high but in 226 BC it was destroyed by an earthquake.



 
The Pharos of Alexandria:This was a light house off the coast of the city of Alexandria. work started on it in about 299 BC and it was completed about 20 years later. It was 124m tall. the tallest lighthouse ever made. It was damaged by earthquakes and 1375 topped into the sea. Marine archaeologist have found a few remains.





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The Seven Wonders of the medieval world 


 Stonehenge: The famous circle of huge stones was built in stages from about 3000 BC. The origin of the stones, how they were transpoted (some of them weigh up to 50 tonnes) and the purpose of the site remain a mystery. It was possibly some sort of ancient observatory.

The Great wall of China: This was a defensive wall designed to protect China from its warlike neighdours to the north. It was built in stages after 220 BC, using a huge labour force of as many as 300,000 workers. The main part is 3,460 km long and wide enough for an army to march along it ten abreast.



The Colosseum, Rome, Italy: This amphitheatre was opened in AD 80 with a huge spectacle lasting 100 days. It is oval in shape and measures 48m high, 188m long and 156m wide. It could hold up to 50,000 spectators and c
ould even be flooded for re-enactments of sea battles.




The Catacombs of Alexandria  (Kom El Shoqafa), Egypt: These unique Roman tombs beneath the city of Alexandria, Egypt were discovered in 1900 when a donkey fell into the site. The beautifully preserved and richly carved catacombs had been tunnelled into solid rock during the 2nd century AD.






Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey: Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom), Istanbul, Turkey, was originally built in AD 360 by the Emperor Constantius. It was later rebuilt a one of the world's finest churches, with many mosaics and orate details. In 1453 the church was converted into an Islamic mosque.



The Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy: The building of the bell tower of Pisa cathedral began in 1173. Soon afterwards the foundations began to sink into the ground on one side. The design was adjusted, but by the time the tower had reached its full height of 55m it was leaning sharply. The tilt has increased over the centures and it is amazing that the 14000-tonne structure is still standing.





The Procelain Pagoda of Nanking, China: The Procelain Pagoda was built in about 1412 by Emperor Yung-lo. It was an eight-sided structure covered in glazed tiles, and soared to 79m. It was destroed during a rebellion in 1853.





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7 Wonders!!!

The Seven Wonders of the Morden world


The Taj Mahal: "crown of buildings" is a mausoleum located in Agra, India. It is one of the most recognizable structures in the world. It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Taj Mahal is the finest example of Mughal architecture, a style that combines elements from Persian, Islamic and Indian architectural styles. The construction began around 1632 and was completed around 1653, The main finial was originally made of gold but was replaced by a copy made of gilded bronze in the early 19th century. It is widely considered as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and stands as a symbol of eternal love.


Petra, Jordan (Greek "πέτρα" (petra), meaning rock; it is a historical and archaeological city in the Jordanian governorate of Ma'an that is known for its rock cut architecture and water conduits system. Established sometime around the 6th century BC as the capital city of the Nabataeans. The site remained unknown to the Western world until 1812, when it was introduced by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. It was described as "a rose-red city half as old as time" in a Newdigate Prize-winning sonnet by John William Burgon. Excavations have demonstrated that it was the ability of the Nabataeans to control the water supply that led to the rise of the desert city, creating an artificial oasis.



Christ the Redeemer:  (Portuguese: Cristo Redentor) is a statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; considered the second largest Art Deco statue in the world. The statue is 39.6 metres (130 ft) tall, including its 9.5 meter (31 feet) pedestal, and 30 metres (98 ft) wide. It weighs 635 tonnes (700 short tons), and is located at the peak of the 700-metre (2,300 ft) Corcovado mountain in the Tijuca Forest National Park overlooking the city. A symbol of Christianity, the statue has become an icon of Rio and Brazil. It is made of reinforced concrete and soapstone, and was constructed between 1922 and 1931



Chichen Itza is a large pre-Columbian archaeological site built by the Maya civilization located in the northern center of the Yucatán Peninsula, in the Yucatán state, present-day Mexico. Chichen Itza was a major focal point in the northern Maya lowlands. Chichen Itza was a major economic power in the northern Maya lowlands during its apogee. This unique building has three parts: a waiting gallery, a water bath, and a steam chamber that operated by means of heated stones.




The Colosseum:  originally the Flavian Amphitheatre is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire. It is considered one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and Roman engineering. Occupying a site just east of the Roman Forum, its construction started in 72 AD under the emperor Vespasian and was completed in 80 AD under Titus, with further modifications being made during Domitian's reign (81–96). The name "Amphitheatrum Flavium" derives from both Vespasian's and Titus's family name (Flavius, from the gens Flavia).Capable of seating 50,000 spectators, the Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. Although in the 21st century it stays partially ruined because of damage caused by devastating earthquakes and stone-robbers, the Colosseum is an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome.




The Great Wall of China: is a series of stone and earthen fortifications in northern China, built originally to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire against intrusions by various nomadic groups. Several walls have been built since the 5th century BC that are referred to collectively as the Great Wall, which has been rebuilt and maintained from the 5th century BC through the 16th century. One of the most famous is the wall built between 220–206 BC by the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang.


Machu Picchu: the site located 2,430 metres (7,970 ft) above sea level. It is situated on a mountain ridge above the Urubamba Valley in Peru, which is 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Cusco and through which the Urubamba River flows. Most archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438–1472). Often referred to as "The Lost City of the Incas", it is perhaps the most familiar icon of the Inca World.  Its three primary buildings are the Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Room of the Three Windows. These are located in what is known by archaeologists as the Sacred District of Machu Picchu. It was unknown to the outside world before being brought to international attention in 1911 by the American historian Hiram Bingham. Since then, Machu Picchu has become an important tourist attraction.



|--------------------------|



The Seven Wonders of the ancient world




Early Greek writers drew up list of the most important buildings in the world they knew. Of these only the Great Pyramid has survived, but we know about the others from writers' accounts and the work of archaeologists.

The Great Pyramid of Giza: The great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt, is the oldest and the only one of the seven wonders to survive. It was made as a tomb for king Khufu, who ruled Egypt from about 2551 to 2528 BC long and it covers an area the size of 200 tennis courts.



The Hanging Gardens of Babylon: The legendary gardens of king Nebuchadnezzar II may not have existed. Some people believe they were created in about 600 BC in Babylon, 88km south of present day Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. "Hanging" suggests that they were a series of terraces made of bricks, some glazed and brightly coloured.




The Statue of Zeus at Olympia: This was an enormous statue of the Greek God carved by the sculptor Phidias. It was inside the Temple of Zeus built about 466-456 BC. The statue was 13m high and one of the largest indoor sculptures ever made. Today little remains of the temple and nothing of the statue.



The Temple of Artemis: The temple of Artemis at Ephesus, Turkey, was built to honor the Greek goddess of hunting and nature. The temple was completed in 550 BC. It was the largest of all ancient Greek buildings and measured 114 by 55m. Archaeologists have found the foundations and some columns of this ancient wonder.



The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus: This was the tomb of Parsian ruler Mausolus, who ruled part of the Persian empire from 377 to 353 BC. Halicarnassu (modern - day Bodurm ) in Turkey was his capital. after his death his window built this magnificent tomb, which measured 105 by 242 and was 43m high it was damaged by an earthquake and demolished  in 1522. The mausoleum has come to mean any great tomb. 


The Colossus of Rhodes: the huge status of sun god Helios stood in Rhodes harbor, Greece In 305-304 BC warrior king Demetrius Poliorcetes attacked the city of Rohoes. when he abandoned his siege the people built giant statue as an offering to the god Helios. It took 12 years to built and stood 33m high but in 226 BC it was destroyed by an earthquake.



 
The Pharos of Alexandria:This was a light house off the coast of the city of Alexandria. work started on it in about 299 BC and it was completed about 20 years later. It was 124m tall. the tallest lighthouse ever made. It was damaged by earthquakes and 1375 topped into the sea. Marine archaeologist have found a few remains.





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The Seven Wonders of the medieval world 


 Stonehenge: The famous circle of huge stones was built in stages from about 3000 BC. The origin of the stones, how they were transpoted (some of them weigh up to 50 tonnes) and the purpose of the site remain a mystery. It was possibly some sort of ancient observatory.

The Great wall of China: This was a defensive wall designed to protect China from its warlike neighdours to the north. It was built in stages after 220 BC, using a huge labour force of as many as 300,000 workers. The main part is 3,460 km long and wide enough for an army to march along it ten abreast.



The Colosseum, Rome, Italy: This amphitheatre was opened in AD 80 with a huge spectacle lasting 100 days. It is oval in shape and measures 48m high, 188m long and 156m wide. It could hold up to 50,000 spectators and c
ould even be flooded for re-enactments of sea battles.




The Catacombs of Alexandria  (Kom El Shoqafa), Egypt: These unique Roman tombs beneath the city of Alexandria, Egypt were discovered in 1900 when a donkey fell into the site. The beautifully preserved and richly carved catacombs had been tunnelled into solid rock during the 2nd century AD.






Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey: Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom), Istanbul, Turkey, was originally built in AD 360 by the Emperor Constantius. It was later rebuilt a one of the world's finest churches, with many mosaics and orate details. In 1453 the church was converted into an Islamic mosque.



The Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy: The building of the bell tower of Pisa cathedral began in 1173. Soon afterwards the foundations began to sink into the ground on one side. The design was adjusted, but by the time the tower had reached its full height of 55m it was leaning sharply. The tilt has increased over the centures and it is amazing that the 14000-tonne structure is still standing.





The Procelain Pagoda of Nanking, China: The Procelain Pagoda was built in about 1412 by Emperor Yung-lo. It was an eight-sided structure covered in glazed tiles, and soared to 79m. It was destroed during a rebellion in 1853.





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